OIICS

Occupational Injury and Illness Classification System

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	Nature


	Part of Body


	Source/Secondary Source


	Event or Exposure

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SOURCE OF INJURY OR ILLNESS

SELECTION RULES

DEFINITION:

The source of injury or illness identifies the object, substance, bodily motion, or exposure which directly produced or inflicted the previously identified injury or illness.

RULES OF SELECTION:

Name as the source of injury or illness the object, substance, element, or bodily motion which directly produced the injury or illness previously identified in the nature of injury or illness classification.
If the injury or illness was inflicted by a specific part of a machine, tool, or vehicle, name the whole machine, tool, or vehicle as the source of injury except when:
- the part separated from or was independent of the "whole";
- the event is overexertion;
- the injury was inflicted by an overhead powerline or the electrical cord of an appliance, tool, or machine;
- the injury was inflicted by the floor of a vehicle in a non-transportation incident; or
- the incident involved a tractor and agricultural equipment combination.
In these instances, code that part as source.
If the injury or illness was inflicted by a specific part of a structure (window, door, stairs) name that part as the source of injury.
When an injury or illness was produced by a filled container, name the container, not the contents, as the source unless the injury or illness was directly inflicted by the contents, such as hot liquids or chemicals.
Coding Bodily motion or position as the source of injury or illness:
- Name Bodily motion or position as the source of injury or illness only when the injury resulted solely from the stress or strain induced by the free movement of the body or its parts (voluntary or involuntary), or from the assumption of a strained or unnatural body position.
- Bodily motion or position includes injuries or illnesses resulting from reaching, turning, twisting, bending, walking, climbing, running, and from efforts to recover from a loss of equilibrium, provided that the loss of equilibrium does not result in a fall or in forcible contact with an object above the working surface.
- Do not name Bodily motion or position as the source of injury or illness if the injury or illness resulted from any of the following:
  - falling
  - bumping into or striking an external object
  - nonrepetitive lifting, pushing, pulling, wielding, or throwing an external object
- For injuries or illnesses in which either Repetitive motion or Sustained viewing is coded as the event, select bodily motion or position as the source of injury or illness.
If, as the result of a transportation accident, a person who was in or on a vehicle or mobile equipment is injured, name the vehicle or mobile equipment as the source of injury.
Selecting Source from multiple objects or substances:
- When an injury results from forcible contact with two or more objects, either simultaneously or in rapid sequence, and it is impossible to determine which object directly produced the injury, select the source as follows:
  - When the choice is between a moving object and a stationary object, select the moving object. Example: If a person is struck by a moving vehicle and thrown against a post, name the vehicle as the source of injury.
  - When the choice is between two moving objects or between two stationary objects, select that which was contacted last. Example: If a person falls from an elevator, striking one or more objects in the course of his fall, but finally striking the floor, name the floor surface as the source of injury.
- When an injury or illness results from two or more different objects or substances, all of which contributed to producing the injury or illness, select the source code as follows:
  - When there are two substances from the Chemical Division, select the appropriate "Multiple" code for that combination of chemicals.
  - When the two objects or substances are in the same Division, select the Divisional n.e.c. code for that Division. If they are in the same group within a division, select the group n.e.c.
  - When the two objects or substances are not in the same Division, use the code for Other sources, n.e.c.
Select Weather and atmospheric conditions or geological events--Floods, Earthquakes, Avalanches--as the source of injury or illness when that is the only possible source identified.
For example, if a worker sustained multiple injuries in an earthquake, and no other source could be determined, select earthquake as the source of injury. However, if an employee were driving in a rainstorm and had an automobile accident resulting in injury, select vehicle as the source.

Secondary Source of Injury or Illness

DEFINITION:

The secondary source of injury or illness identifies the object, substance, or person that generated the source of injury or illness or that contributed to the event or exposure.

RULES OF SELECTION:

Use the Source of Injury or Illness Classification Structure for coding secondary source of injury or illness.
When the source of injury or illness is a moving object or harmful substance, name the machine, tool or equipment which generated the source or which propelled it. If none, name the work object from which the source originated, such as the steel plate from which a metal chip fell. Exceptions to this rule for Fires, Explosions, Assaults, and Transportation Accidents are noted below.
When the source is an infectious agent, name the object or person through which the agent was transmitted.
When involuntary motion leads to an injury or illness,--such as when a worker slips, trips, or is pushed or pulled into an object--name the object or substance, other than source, which contributed to the involuntary motion. Examples of objects and substances that could contribute to involuntary motion include clothing, jewelry, or cleaning cloths that pulled the worker into a machine, and substances such as ice, water, or grease that a worker slipped on.
If no other contributing factor is named for incidents involving falls to lower levels, name the surface or object from which the worker fell.
If the event is Fires or Explosions, name the flammable substance, other than the source, that ignited or exploded. If none is noted, name the machine, equipment, or object, other than the source, that caught fire or exploded.
If the event is Assaults and Violent Acts, name the person, if not the source, who committed the act.
If the event is Repetitive motion or Sustained viewing, name the machine, tool, or equipment that was being used or handled.
If the event is a Transportation Accident involving a collision, name the vehicle, machine, or object with which the source collided.
In the absence of a specific rule above, if two objects or substances contributed to an event, name the object, or substance which was not selected as the source. If more than two objects, substances, other than source, are involved, select:
- powered or energized objects over nonpowered objects,
- moving objects over nonmoving objects,
- objects actively contributing to the event over passive objects.
Select Weather and atmospheric conditions or geological events--Floods, Earthquakes, Avalanches--as the secondary source of injury or illness when that is the only possible secondary source identified.
For example, if a worker sustained multiple injuries when struck by an object in an earthquake, select earthquake as the secondary source.
If no object, substance, or person is determined to meet the definition and rules listed above, no secondary source is selected. Objects which inflict an injury, but which neither generated the source nor contributed to the event, should not be selected as the secondary source.
For example, if a worker falls from a vehicle in a transportation incident and is injured when hitting the road surface, the road is not selected as the secondary source.

DIVISIONS:

The Source of Injury or Illness code structure is arranged in ten divisions, 0 through 9. Division 9 contains codes for classifying sources that are not classified or listed under any of the other divisions. The Secondary Source of Injury or Illness uses the Source of Injury or Illness titles and descriptions.

0* : Chemicals and Chemical Products

View descriptive information for code item

1* : Containers

2* : Furniture and Fixtures

3* : Machinery

This division classifies light and heavy machinery which perform specific functions or processes under power. Machinery is defined as a combination of smaller machines (elements or parts) which are capable of motion and are contained in a stationary frame. Computer, audio, and video products, as well as heating, cooling and cleaning machinery and appliance are also included in this definition.

Machines which are primarily used for transporting people or materials are classified in division 8 (Vehicles). Handheld power tools are classified in major group 72 (Handtools--powered).

If a part is known or assumed to be attached to a machine when an injury occurs, then the entire machine should be listed as the source in this division unless the event is overexertion or the injury was inflicted by an electrical cord, overhead powerline, or floor of a vehicle in a non-transportation incident.

If a part is known to be unattached and independent of a machine, or if it is probable that a machine is not involved, then that specific part should be selected as the source. The smaller parts which are used in machinery are classified in major group 44 (Machine, tool, and electric parts).

Includes:	Agricultural and garden machinery; construction, logging, and mining machinery; heating, cooling, and cleaning machinery and appliances; material handling machinery (e.g., conveyors, cranes, hoists, elevators, etc.); metal, woodworking, and special material machinery; office and business machinery; special process machinery; and miscellaneous machinery.
Excludes:	Hoisting accessories (43); machinery parts (44); motors (4414); engines (4424); nonpowered handtools (71); powered handtools (72); vehicles (8); plant and industrial powered vehicles, tractors (85); forklifts (85).

4* : Parts and Materials

This division classifies machine parts, tool parts, and automobile parts, as well as building materials, insulating materials, and nonstructural metal materials. Many of the parts and materials classified here are the smaller components of larger machines, tools, vehicles, buildings, etc. In most instances, detailed codes for "parts" are provided for those parts expected to be sources of injury independent of the "whole" machine, tool, vehicle, building, or other object.

If a part is attached to a machine, tool, or vehicle, then the entire machine, tool, or vehicle should be listed as the source, unless the event is overexertion or the injury was inflicted by an electrical cord, overhead powerline, or floor of a vehicle in a non-transportation incident.

If a part is known to be unattached and independent of a machine, tool, or vehicle--or if it is probable that a machine, tool, or vehicle is not involved in the injury--then that specific part should be listed as the source.

If the material identified as the source of an injury is the general floor surface in a building or on the ground, then the appropriate structure or surface in division 6 (Structures and Surfaces) should be listed as the source.

If the material identified as the source of an injury is an independent, unattached element, then that specific element (part or material) should be listed as the source.

Includes:	Building materials--solid elements; fasteners, connectors, ropes, ties; hoisting accessories; machine, tool, and electric parts; metal materials--nonstructural; tars, sealants, caulking, insulating material; tarps and sheeting--nonmetal; vehicle and mobile equipment parts.
Excludes:	Chemicals and chemical products (0); paint, lacquer, shellac, varnish (076); containers (1); hoses (122); furniture and fixtures (2); lighting and plumbing fixtures (24); machinery (3); metallic minerals (54); nonmetallic minerals (55); structural elements (63); vehicles (8); apparel and textiles (92); paper, sheets (942).

5* : Persons, Plants, Animals, and Minerals

6* : Structures and Surfaces

7* : Tools, Instruments, and Equipment

This division classifies handtools (nonpowered; powered; power not determined), ladders (fixed; movable), equipment (photographic; protective; recreation, athletic), and instruments (medical and surgical). Other tools and instruments such as clocks, eating and cooking utensils, firearms, other health care and orthopedic equipment, musical instruments, sewing notions, wheelchairs, and writing supplies are also included in this division.

If a part that produces an injury is attached to a tool (e.g., a saw blade or drill bit) then the entire tool should be listed as the source, unless the injury was inflicted by the electrical cord.

If a part is known to be unattached and independent of a tool--or if it is probable that a tool is not involved in the injury--then that specific part should be listed as the source. Unattached drill bits and saw blades are classified in source group 443 (Tool parts, accessories).

Certain handtools are manufactured in both powered and nonpowered varieties. If it cannot be determined whether a handtool is powered or nonpowered, it should be classified in major group 73 (Handtools--power not determined).

Includes:

Nonpowered handtools; powered handtools; handtools--power not determined; ladders; medical and surgical instruments; photographic equipment; protective equipment (except clothing); recreation and athletic equipment; clocks; cooking and eating utensils (except knives); firearms; health care and orthopedic equipment, n.e.c.; musical instruments; sewing notions, n.e.c.; wheelchairs; writing, drawing, and art supplies.

Excludes:

Containers (1); furniture and fixtures (2); tool chests (212); machinery (3); mechanical jacks (3472); parts and materials (4); hoisting accessories (43); machine, tool, and electric parts (44); tool parts, accessories (443); tarps (472).

8* : Vehicles

This division classifies vehicles that generally move on wheels, runners, water, or air. A vehicle serves the primary purpose of transporting people (e.g., automobiles, passenger trains), but it may serve as a means of carrying or transferring goods (e.g., forklifts, wheelbarrows). In addition, a vehicle may serve primarily as a recreational device (e.g., canoes, bicycles, jet skis, etc.). Vehicles for all modes of public, private, work-related, and recreational transportation are included in this division.

Machinery, which are primarily used for agricultural, construction, logging, mining, manufacturing, and other processing purposes, are classified in division 3 (Machinery).

A vehicle or piece of mobile equipment should be selected whenever the event is a transportation accident.

If a vehicle part that produces an injury is attached to the vehicle, then the entire vehicle should be listed as the source, unless the injury resulted from overexertion (such as pulling the cargo door of a tractor trailer), the incident involved a tractor/agricultural equipment combination, or the source of injury was a vehicle floor in a non transportation incident.

If a vehicle part is known to be unattached and independent of a vehicle--or if it is probable that a vehicle is not involved in the injury--then that specific part should be listed as the source. Unattached vehicle and mobile equipment parts are classified in major group 48 (Vehicle and mobile equipment parts). Unattached trailers are classified in source group 483 (Trailers). Unattached vehicle windshields and windows are classified in source group 484 (Windshields, vehicle windows).

If the source of an injury in a non-transportation accident is identified as the floor surface in a vehicle, it should be classified in 6225 (Floor of vehicle).

Includes:	Air vehicles; motorized highway vehicles; nonmotorized highway vehicles; nonindustrial offroad vehicles; powered plant and industrial vehicles, tractors; nonpowered plant and industrial vehicles; rail vehicles; water vehicles.
Excludes:	Machinery (3); agricultural and garden machinery (31); construction, logging, and mining machinery (32); material handling machinery (34); ski lifts (3499); street sweeping and cleaning machinery (3996); unattached vehicle and mobile equipment parts (48); floor surface of a vehicle (6225) in a non-transportation accident.

9* : Other Sources

9999 : Nonclassifiable

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