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Virus Name: Kotonkan

Abbreviation: KOTV

Status
Probable Arbovirus

Select Agent
No

SALS Level
2

SALS Basis
Results of SALS surveys and information from the Catalogue.

Other Information

Antigenic Group
rabies serogroup

Section V - Antigenic Relationship and Lack of Relationship to Other Viruses

In CF tests done at Ibadan, a kotonkan virus antigen reacted with immune mouse ascitic fluid for Mokola virus of the rabies serogroup but not with nine arbovirus multivalent sera nor with monovalent immune fluids prepared with 64 distinct agents, including rabies, Lagos bat, Chandipura, bluetongue, Ibadan isolates of the epizootic hemorrhagic disease of deer group, IbAr 23388 (Abadina), herpesvirus, Newcastle disease and vaccinia. Following the isolation and identification of bovine ephemeral fever (BEF) virus in Nigeria, kotonkan virus was tested for CF reactions with this agent. Kotonkan hyperimmune mouse ascitic fluid with homologous titer of 1:32 failed to react at the 1:4 dilution with BEF mouse brain antigen; BEF hyperimmune mouse ascitic fluid (homologous titer 1:64) did not react at the 1:4 dilution with kotokan antigen [2] .

In cross-CF tests done at the Yale Arbovirus Research Unit, kotonkan virus again reacted with Mokola but not with rabies, Lagos bat, Obodhiang or 191 other viruses. Indirect FA tests, done at the Centers for Disease Control, confirmed the CF relationship between kotonkan and Mokola [2] , [3] . In N tests, however, kotonkan virus failed to react with Mokola and other rhabdoviruses [2] .

Cross-complement-fixation tests with kotokan and rabies serogroup viruses [2]						Neutralization tests with kotokan and other rhabdoviruses [2]
Mouse ascitic fluid CF antibody to:						Mouse ascitic fluid NT antibody to:
Virus or Antigen	Kotonkan	Mokola	Rabies CVS	Lagos bat	Obodhiang	Kotonkan	Mokola	Rabies ^b CVS	Lagos bat	CHP	BEF Afr ^c/ Aust ^c


^** ascitic fluid titer; o = <4
^a LNI expressed in dex
^b Horse serum supplied by Lederle Labs.
^c Supplied by Veterinary Res. Lab., Onderstepoort, South Africa.
Kotokan	64 ^**	32	0	0	0	2.9 ^a	0.2	1.0	0.6	0.4	0.4	0.4
Mokola	0	256	32	4	16	0.0	3.1	0.9	2.6
Rabies, CVS	0	64	256	0	0	0.0	0.2	3.0	0.2
Lagos Bat	0	128	16	32	8	0.0	0.1	0.1	2.0
Obodhiang	0	4	0	0	128
191 arbo- viruses and other viruses of vertebrate	0	0	0	0	0

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