PUBLIC HEALTH ASSESSMENT
 

EVALUATION OF POTENTIAL EXPOSURES TO CONTAMINATED OFF-SITE GROUNDWATER FROM THE OAK RIDGE RESERVATION (USDOE)
OAK RIDGE, ANDERSON COUNTY, TENNESSEE

EPA FACILITY ID: TN1890090003

July 2006

Prepared by:

Federal Facilities Assessment Branch
Division of Health Assessment and Consultation
Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry


TABLE OF CONTENTS

ACRONYMS

I. SUMMARY

II. BACKGROUND

III. EVALUATION OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND POTENTIAL EXPOSURE PATHWAYS

IV. PUBLIC HEALTH IMPLICATIONS

V. HEALTH OUTCOME DATA EVALUATION

VI. COMMUNITY HEALTH CONCERNS

VII. CONCLUSIONS

VIII. RECOMMENDATIONS

IX. PUBLIC HEALTH ACTION PLAN

X. PREPARERS OF REPORT

XI. REFERENCES

LIST OF APPENDICES

LIST OF TABLES

LIST OF FIGURES


ACRONYMS

ALARA as low as reasonably achievable
ALI annual limits on intake
ALS amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
AOEC Association of Occupational and Environmental Clinics
ATSDR Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry
Bq becquerel
BSCP Background Soil Characterization Project
CDC Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Ce 144 cerium 144
CED committed effective dose
CEDR Comprehensive Epidemiologic Data Resource
CERCLA Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act
CFRF consolidated fuel recycling facility
Ci curie
cm centimeter
Co 60 cobalt 60
COC contaminant of concern
COPD chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
CRM Clinch River mile
Cs 137 cesium 137
D&D decontaminating and decommissioning
DCF dose conversion factor
DDREF dose and dose rate effectiveness factor
DOE U.S. Department of Energy
EDE effective dose equivalent
EE/CA Engineering Evaluation/Cost Analysis
EEVOC East End Volatile Organic Compound (plume)
EFPC East Fork Poplar Creek
EMEG Environmental media Evaluation Guides
EPA U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
ERAMS Environmental Radiation Ambient Monitoring System
ETTP East Tennessee Technology Park
FACA Federal Advisory Committee Act
FAMU Florida Agriculture and Mechanical University
FDA Food and Drug Administration
FFA Federal Facility Agreement
FFAB Federal Facilities Assessment Branch
GAAT gunite and associated tanks
GAO General Accounting Office
Gy gray
H3 tritium
HF hydrofracture facility
HFIR high flux isotope reactor
Hg mercury
HRE homogeneous reactor experiment
HRSA Health Resources Services Administration
IAG interagency agreement
ICRP International Commission on Radiological Protection
IHP intermediate holding pond
IROD Interim Record of Decision
I 131 iodine 131
ISV in situ vitrification
IWMF interim waste management facility
JEM Johnson-Ettinger Model
LEFPC Lower East Fork Poplar Creek
LET Linear Energy Transfer
LLLW liquid low-level waste
LNT linear no-threshold
LTHA lifetime health advisory
LWBR Lower Watts Bar Reservoir
MCL maximum contaminant level
MCLG maximum contaminant level goal
MEPAS Multimedia Environmental Pollutant Assessment System
MeV million electron volts
mg/kg milligrams per kilogram
mg/L milligrams per liter
mGy milligray
mrem millirem
µCi/mL microcuries per milliliter
µg/L micrograms per liter
µR/hr microroentgen per hour
MRL minimal risk level
MS multiple sclerosis
MSRE molten salt reactor experiment
mSv millisievert
MVST Melton Valley storage tanks
mya million years ago
Nb 95 niobium 95
NCEH National Center for Environmental Health
NCRP National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements
NESHAP National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants
NHF new hydrofracture facility
NIOSH National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
NOAEL no observed adverse effect level
NPDES National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System
NPL National Priorities List
NRC U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission
OHF Old Hydrofracture Facility
OREIS Oak Ridge Environmental Information System
ORGDP Oak Ridge Gaseous Diffusion Plant
ORHASP Oak Ridge Health Agreement Steering Panel
ORNL Oak Ridge National Laboratory
ORR Oak Ridge Reservation
ORRHES Oak Ridge Reservation Health Effects Subcommittee
OSWER Office of Solid Waste and Emergency Response
OU operable unit
P&A plugging and abandonment
PAG FDA protective action guide
PCB polychlorinated biphenyl
pCi picocurie
pCi/L picocurie per liter
PCM Poplar Creek mile
PDF portable document format
PHAP Public Health Action Plan
PHAWG Public Health Assessment Work Group
ppb parts per billion
ppm parts per million
PWSB process waste sludge basin
PWTP Process Waste Treatment Plant
rad radiation absorbed dose
RAR Remedial Action Report
RBC Risk Based Concentration
RCRA Resource Conservation and Recovery Act
RER remediation effectiveness report
RfC reference concentration
RfD reference dose
RI/FS Remedial Investigation/Feasibility Study
RMEG Reference Dose Media Evaluation Guides
ROD Record of Decision
Ru 106 ruthenium 106
SDWA Safe Drinking Water Act
SDWIS Safe Drinking Water Information System
SNF spent nuclear fuel
SRS sediment retention structure
Sr 90 strontium 90
Sv sievert
SWSA solid waste storage area
TDEC Tennessee Department of Environment and Conservation
TDOH Tennessee Department of Health
TRM Tennessee River Mile
TRU transuranic waste
TSCA Toxic Substances Control Act
TSF tower shielding facility
TVA Tennessee Valley Authority
TWRA Tennessee Wildlife Resources Agency
U 233 uranium 233    
USACE U.S. Army Corps of Engineers
VOC volatile organic compound
WAC waste acceptance criteria
WAG waste area grouping
WBRIWG Watts Bar Reservoir Interagency Work Group
WIPP waste isolation pilot plant
WOC White Oak Creek
WOCE White Oak Creek Embayment
WR radiation weighting factor
WT tissue weighting factor
Zr 95 zirconium 95


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Page last reviewed: May 12, 2010