The present proposal seeks to determine the significance of the long-term effect of particulate matter (PM) on pulmonary and cardiovascular risk, and to fully evaluate the relationship between PM exposure, pulmonary function, and cardiovascular health. We will evaluate the clinical and pathophysiologic outcomes of exposure including pulmonary function abnormalities, obstructive sleep apnea, imaging abnormalities, and risk factors for cardiopulmonary disease. This study will provide critical information regarding risk of exposure to PM, risk factors for disease and potential for improvements in diagnosis and treatment.
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