| | | | | Vertebrate (species and organ) and arthropod | No. isolations/No. tested | No. with antibody/No. tested Test used | Country and region |
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| | ISOLATIONS: Man (blood): 1 St. Louis, MO (9); 2 Panama (27); 1 Trinidad (26,30) Man (CNS): 11 St. Louis (1,2); 1 Texas (29); 1951 1 Florida (10); 1962, 3 Florida (25); 1 Calif. VERTEBRATES (blood): 1 flicker, Kentucky; 1 mourning dove, California, white-tipped dove, silver-beak tanager, pale-vented robin, blue and white manakin, Trinidad; blue jay, mockingbird, domestic goose, pigeon, Texas; house sparrow, Missouri; house sparrow, Illinois; homing pigeon, Florida. (Other tissues): Pool liver, spleen, kidney - 3 house sparrows, chimney swift, cat bird, Illinois; cardinal, blue jay, robin, Missouri. Spleen and liver: Pool of three ruddy ground doves Panama. Brain: 1 homing pigeon Florida. Brain and other organs - flame-headed manakin, Trinidad. MAMMALS: From brain and spleen-Mexican free-tailed bat, Texas; brain, gray fox, California. ARTHROPODS: Culex tarsalis, Washington, California, Montana, Idaho, Oregon, North Dakota, Colorado; Cx peus, California; Aedes dorsalis (melanimon), California; Cx pipiens, Kentucky, Illinois, Missouri, Indiana, Tennessee; Cx quinquefasciatus, Arizona, Texas; Cx nigripalpus, An crucians, Florida; Ornithonysus sylviarum, Dermanyssus americanus, California; Dermanyssus gallinae, St. Louis, Missouri; Sabethes chloropterus, pool Sabethes spp., pool Trichoprosopon sp., pool Wyeomyia sp., Deinocerites pseudes, Panama; Cx caudelli, Cx coronator, Psorophora ferox, Cx spissipes, Cx taeniopus, Cx virgultus, Cx nigripalpus, Ae serratus, Ae scapularis, Trinidad; Cx nigripalpus, Jamaica; Sabethes belisarioi, Gigantolaelops sp., Brazil. NOTE: Articles listing isolates from man also discuss isolation from arthropods. Field and lab observations indicate that Cx tarsalis, Cx quinquefasciatus, Cx pipiens, and Cx nigripalpus are the most important vectors in the US. ANTIBODIES: Epidemics have occurred in Missouir, Illinois, Kentucky, Texas, Arizona, Colorado, New Jersey and in adjacent Pennsylvania and small numbers of patients seen in several other states. NT, CF and HI antibodies demonstrated. Antibody surveys show high antibody rates in epidemic areas and frequently in areas with sporadic cases. No epidemics outside US - 2 patients in Panama, 1 in Trinidad and 2 in Argentina; mild febrile disease and virus isolated from blood. Serological surveys in Panama, Jamaica, Trinidad and Argentina show presence of antibodies. Among lower vertebrates--antibodies in wild and domestic birds and among domestic and wild mammals but rate higher in birds (9,12,13,14,15,16,17,30,31,32). | | Dermacentor variablis, 1 isol. from 5 ticks, Memphis, Tennessee, USA (43). | | |
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